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Sacrococcygeal Teratoma: Yolk Sac Tumor in a Preterm Female newborn Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is the most common neoplasm in neonates and the most common germ cell tumor in children. SCT with malignant elements is very rare in infants. Prenatal diagnosis is of exceptional importance for the adequate fetal intervention, evaluation of perinatal complications and the selection of the optimal treatment. The treatment of choice is complete surgical resection. Postsurgical approach for immature teratoma with malignant elements is not well established. Considering the risk for tumor recurrence, long-term follow-up is mandatory. Professor, Roganovic Jelena, MD, PhD, Full Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Croatia. working in Division of Hematology and Oncology report clinical, laboratory, radiological and histological findings, surgical procedure, and follow-up in the preterm female neonate with immature SCT with malignant elements. Germ cell tumors (GCTs) originate

Hungry Bone Syndrome Associated with Transient Hypoparathyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism It is a state of inadequate parathyroid hormone (PTH). It results from defective synthesis or secretion of PTH, end organ resistance, or inappropriate regulations. Hypoparathyroidism may be transient, genetically inherited or acquired. Transient usually occurs during neonatal period or secondary to medication. The ionized calcium concentration, in extracellular fluid (ECF), falls below the reference range, where at birth parathyroid gland have a limited ability to respond to decrease in serum calcium. We present an infant with transient hypoparathyroidism who developed the severe hungry bone syndrome. Such an association is highlighted. case presentation A full term, 50 day-old Saudi male boy, presented to the emergency department with afebrile tonic-clonic seizure lasting for several minutes and aborted by rectal diazepam. Pregnancy and neonatal history were unremarkable, in particular, the mother was not on any medication. No family history of s

Predictors of Root Canal Endodontical Treatment

Defective apical seals were identified as the main cause of failures in endodontic treatment , and several studies have emphasized the importance of adequate coronal sealing between sessions for successful endodontic therapy. Sodium hypochlorite is an irrigant solution widely used in chemotherapeutic treatment for a long time with great effectiveness. Gluconate chlorhexidine is a newer product but with excellent properties but there is still considerable controversy over which is the best product for the treatment of the root canal. Dr. Idiberto José Zotarelli Filho, Professor from Brazil done a systematic review on the importance of the clinical use and outcomes of Chlorhexidine gluconate, Sodium hypochlorite and Coltosol® in the endodontic treatment of canals. The words were included Treatment dental root. Chlorhexidine gluconate, Sodium hypochlorite, and Coltosol®. For further specification, the root canal irrigation description for refinement was added during searches. The

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